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3390 Coachman Rd - Report of Surface Exploration ProgramREPORT OF SUBSURPACE EXPLORATION PROGRAM PROPOSED CONVENIENCB SHOPPING CENTER YANREE DOODLE ROAD AND COACHMAN ROAD BAGAN, MINNESOTA #4220 87-673 6?16_ ?'7 , ' , ' ' I ' May 19, 1987 Bill Henning & Company 8050A East Highway 101 Shakopee, MN 55379 Attn: Mr. Bill Henning ?.: Cwin cino testinq corporation 662 CROMWELL AVENUE ST. PAUL, MN 55114 PHONE 612/645-3601 SUBJ: Subsurface Exploration Program Proposed Convenience Shopping Center Yankee Doodle Road and Coachman Road Eagan, Minnesota #4220 87-673 ' Gentlemen: We have conducted a subsurface exploration program and foundation ' review for the referenced project. We are transmitting five copies of our report. This work was carried out in accordance with your verbal authorization dated May 1, 1987. ' About 50$ of the soil samples will be held at this office for one month and will then be discarded unless we are notified to hold them for a longer period of time. ' We trust this report will provide you with the needed information. If questions arise concerning interpretation of the , data, please contact us. Very truly yours, ' Steven D. Koenes, P.E. ' SDK/djs t Encs. 1 1 1 11 AN EOUAL OPPOfIIUNITV EMPLOYER TABLE pF CONTENTS Paqe INTRODUCTION .............................................. Scope of Work ........................................ ] EXPLORATION PROGRAM RESULTS ............................... 2 Site Conditions ...................................... 2 Subsurface Conditions ................................ 3 Ground Water ......................................... 4 ENGINEERING REYIEW ........................................ 5 Project Information .................................. 5 Discussion ........................................... 6 Site Preparation ..................................... 6 Foundation Recommendations ........................... 7 Floor Slab Support ................................... 8 Preparation of Pavement Areas ........................ 8 Site Drainage ........................................ 9 OBSERVATIONS AND TESTING ......:........................... 9 ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS .................................... 10 FIELD EXPLORATION PROCEDURES .............................. 11 Soil Sampling ........................................ 11 Soil Classification .................................. 11 STANDARD OF CARE .......................................... 12 Appendix Logs of Test Borings Sketch General Notes Clas5ification Sheet r ? ewn caCV testmQ mrc+«aoon V REPORT OF SUBSORFACE E%PLORATION PROGRAM PROPOSED CONOENIENCE S90PPING CENTER YANREE DOODLS ROAD AND COACH!!AN ROAD BAGAN. MINNESOTA #4220 87-673 We understand thaC the proposed construction will be a one-story, slab-on-grade structure. The proposed building will have approximately 14,000 square feet of floor space, with the floor WvR ti mast -- at an elevation of 851' . The s i t e is located at theasoMWINEsIt- corner of the intersection of Yankee Doodle Road and Coachman Road in Eagan, Minnesota. Scope of Ulork In accordance with your verbal authorization dated May 1, 1987, we have conducted a subsurface exploration program for the proposed building construction. The scope of our work on this project is as follows: iv aan cxY testu'1q corp? #4220 87-673 - Page 2 1. Explore the subsurface conditions by means of two stahdard penetration test borings. 2. Provide recommendations -for site preparation for support of the foundations and floor slab. 3. Provide recommendations for foundation support, including foUndation types and depths, allowable soil bearing pressures and estimates of settlement. 4. Provide recommendations for preparation of pavement areas. The purpose of this report is to describe our field operations, to present the results of our field tests and to provide you with our engineering recommendations. 6XPLORATION PROGRAM RESOLTS Site Conditions The building will be located at the ?????C??? orner of the intersection of Yankee Doodle Road and Coachman Road in Eagan, Minnesota. The site is generally grass covered with a wooded area just north of the boring locations. Also, the general site topography is very hilly. The surface elevations at the boring locations are 856.5' and 862.4', referenced to T.B.M. with which you provided us, as shown on the attached site plan. ? ?? ?Q #4220 87-673 - Page 3 Subsurface Conditions The subsurface conditions encountered at each test location are shown on the attached boring logs. We wish to point out subsurface conditions at other times and locations on the site may differ from those found at our test locations. If different conditions are encountered during construction, it is necessary you contact us so our recommendations can be reviewed. The test boring logs also indicate the probable geologic origin of the encountered soil. It will be noted from the boring logs that a typical soil profile consists of a layer of topsoil underlain by layers of clay, sand, and clayey sand. The layer of topsoil is about 3 1/2' thick at the boring locations. This soil consists of silty clay, which varies from dark grayish brown to dark brown in color. The N values indicate that this soil is soft in consistency. Underlying the topsoil is an alluvial deposit consisting of silt, lean clay, and sand with silt. The silt and lean clay are categorized geologically as fine alluvium. The silt deposit only occurs in boring 2 and extends from an elevation of about 859' to q twn atv tesdr'iQ ?? #4220 87-673 - Page 4 about 8581. This soil is brown, moist, and very loose. The lean clay which was encountered in both borings has a thickness of about 1/2'. This soil is brown in color and as indicated by the N values is medium in consistency. The deposit of sand with silt (coarse alluvium) was encountered at boring 2, and extends from an elevation of about 857' to about 854'. The N values indicate that this soil is loose to medium dense. The clayey sand glacial till containsa little gravel and extends from beneath the alluvial deposits to the depth of the borings. The N values obtained indicate it varies from medium to very stiff. Ground Water The borings were probed for the presence of ground water after drilling was completed. No ground water was encountered to the depth of the borings. Secause the till soils are impervious, a longer observation period is necessary to more accurately evaluate ground water conditions. Seasonal and annual fluctuations of the ground water level can be anticipated. (? p twn elCY Cestv'?4 moar.eon V #4220 87-673 - Page 5 BNGINEERING REVIEW Project Information The following data represents our understanding of the project. It comprises an important part of our engineering review. If, as the project develops, there are changes from the stated values, we request you contact us for additional review. We understand that the proposed structure will be a one-story, slab-on-grade building utilized as a shopping center. The finished floor level will be at an elevation of 851'. The building will contain about 14,000 square feet of floor space. Also, we understand that a parking lot area is to provided as shown on the attached sketch. The higher elevation area to the north of the site will be excavated to a 3:1 (horizontal to vertical) back slope. We have assumed typical wall loads will be 3 to 6 kips pex lineal foot and column loads will not exceed 100 kips per colUmn. These are general loadings upon which we have based our recommendations. If different building loads or development plans are expected, it is important that you contact us for additional review and possible modification to our recommendations. ? tturn ciCY ?.?., #4220 87-673 - Page 6 Discussion Zt is our opinion that when the required excavation to reach the desired finished floor level (8511 ) is completed, the exposed glacial till soils will be adequate for supporting the proposed construction. It is also our judgment the proposed building can be supported on spread footing foundations. Site Preparation In preparation for construction of the building, it will be necessary to excavate the existing soils down to an elevation of 851'. We anticipate the natural soils at this elevation will be suitable for building support. However, where removal of unsuitable soils requires placement of controlled compacted fill to reach foundation elevation, the excavation must be oversized laterally from the planned outside edge of the footing a minimum distance equal to the depth of fill placed beneath the footings at that location (i.e., 1:1 oversize). This may be necessary in the extreme west end of the building. All fill placed within the building area should consist of inorganic granular material compacted in thin lifts to a minimum of 988 of the maximum density determined by the standard Proctor (ASTM: D698). ? t1tJn C1CY CBSCI?IQ ? m,oo'umon , , #4220 87-673 - Page 7 Foundation Recommendations It is our opinion that the proposed building can be supported on spread footing foundations, after the site is prepared in the manner described above. We recommend the maximum allowable bearing pressure be limited to 2000 psf (pounds per square foot). The value is limited by the medium to rather stiff clayey sand at boring 1. For foundations constructed in this manner, we anticipate that a factor of safeLy of about three will exist against an actual shear failure. The total and differential settlements will not exceed 1" and 1/2", respectively. All exterior footings in heated areas should be extended to a depth of at least 42" below planned exterior grade. Interior footings in heated areas can be placed at a minimum depth below the floor slab. For foundations placed in unheated areas, they should be extended to a depth of at least 60" below planned exterior grade. v tUAnCItY #4220 87-673 - Page 8 Floor Slab SuDoort Preparation of the building area as discussed above will aiso prepare the site for floor slab support. We recommend providing a minimum of 6" of free draining sand immediately below the floor slab. This sand cushion will serve as a capillary moisture break between the slab and subgrade. Preparation of Pavement Areas For preparation of the pavement area we recommend removing all organic soils within the upper 3' of subgrade. Where fill is required, we recommend nonorganic on site soils be used. The sand with silt and clayey sand would be the preferred soil types. The clayey sand is more difficult to compact and may require drying if moisture content is too high. Fill placed in the upper 3' of subgrade should be compacted to 1008 of standard Proctor density and the deeper fill should be compacted to 958 of the above standard. The site soils are frost susceptible and may therefore expand and cause frost heave durinq the winter months. A reduction in strength will also occur upon thawing. On soils of this type you t?r'1 G? pP ?? Ces 4 V #4220 87-673 - Page 9 may wish to consider full depth asphalt design for the pavement section. Site Drainage Since the site soils are rather slow draining material and do have frost heaving potential, it is important that good drainage be provided away from the building paved areas. Your final site grading should take this into account. If inadequate surface dLainage occurs, you can anticipate more severe frost heaving problems and premature failure of the pavement. OBSERVATIONS AND TESTING The soil conditions can and often do vary from conditions encountered at the boring locations. Because of this, we recommend a geotechnical engineer be retained to observe the bottom of excavations prior to any fill or foundation placement. Also, density tests should be taken in any compacted fill placed within the building a=ea and also in pavement areas. 0 ttLrt C1tY Cestp o eoino.aoo.. #4220 87-673 - Page 10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS At your request, we have reviewed the soil conditions founded at the site with respect to possible contaminants that may exist. Our standard procedures for classifying soils and reporting data include a visual observation of the samples along with checking for odorous materials that may indicate chemical or petroleum products pollution. If any chemical or petroleum product pollutants are determined to be present using this method, the depth where the material is encountered is noted on the boring logs. No pollutants were detected during our exploration program. The soil profile encountered also indicates natural soil conditions with topsoil at the surface underlain by natural mineral soils. No fill soils were encountered at the boring locations. Based on review of the available boring information, it is our judgment the probability of finding severe levels of pollutants on the site is very remote. #4220 87-673 - Page 11 FIELD EXPLORATION PROCBDDRES Two soil test borings were put down on May 6, 1987. These borings were put down at the locations indicated on the attached site plan. Surface elevations were referenced to the top of the manhole positioned as shown on the attached sketch, referenced at 847.79', an elevation supplied by you. Soil Samplin Soil sampling was performed in accordance with ASTM: D 1586-84. Using this procedure, a 2" O.D. split barrel sampler is driven into the soil by a 140 lb weiqht falling 30". After an initial set of 6", the number of blows required to drive the sampler an additional 12" is known as the penetration resistance or N value. The N value is an index of the relative density of cohesionless soils and the consistency of cohesive soils. Soil Classification As the samples were obtained in the field, they were visually and manually classified by the crew chief in accordance with ASTM: D 2487-83 and D-2488. Representative portions of the samples were #4220 87-673 - Paqe 12 then returned to the laboratory for further examination and for verification of the field classification. Logs of the borings indicating the depth and identification of the various strata, the N value, water level information and pertinent information regarding the method of maintaining and advancing the drill holes are attached. Charts illustrating the soil classification procedure, the descriptive terminology and symbols on the boring logs are also attached. STANDARD OF CARS The recommendations contained in this report represent our professional opinions. These opinions were arrived at in accordance with currently accepted engineering practices at this time and location. Other than this, no warranty is implied or intended. This report was prepared by: Edward R. B e, Geotechn' al Engineer This report was reviewed by: ?-'0 x;,.?/ Steven D. Koenes, P.E. Proofread b y?/']`fTj??? I?'???" p????a? ]? : /// / fA('/1/l? wm PreVarad by ma a adr my dnd aPxv6len . end Maf I am a duly RaOs4-d Prefenoawl ElqinMr onder fhp lawa of? StaH of Mimnofe. STtYBI 0. KOBdES tk')_ byM„Mon w. 131e0 ? tuan?Cl[Y C@ltY7q ' , ' ? ? , ? ? i 1 ' , ? ? ? ? ? ? ' LOG OF TEST BORING Jos No. 4220 87-673 VEFTICAL SCALE 1 - 3 BORWG NO. 1 PROJECT PROPOSED CONVENIENCE SHOPPING CENTER EA A DEPTH DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL SAMPLE LABORAT ORY TE STS IN GEOLOGIC L_L. FEET SURFACE ELEVATION 856. 5' ORIGIN N WL NO NPE W 0 P.L. Qu SILTY CLAY, dark grayish 6rown, TOPSOII soft (CL-ML) 2 1 SB 3 2 56 4 LEAN CLAY, brown, medium (CL) FINE ALLUVIUM * 52 27 3 SB CLAYEY SAND W/A LITTLE GRAVEL, TILL 4 SB brown, medium to rather stiff, a few lenses of silty sand below about 12' (SC) 7 5 SB 6 6 SB 7 7 SB 13 8 SB 16 End of Boring *2 + 25 (Encounter of piece ? 0.5 T-5 of gravel at 51') WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS START 5-6-$7 COMPLETE 5-6-87 S D CAS E I DEPTH BAILED DEPTHS L'EVEL METHOD HSA 0' 141. ? 3:10 OATE TIME DEPTH O P TH to 5-6 3:10 16' 14P 16' ta Npnp 5-6 3:15 16' None 7" ta - ,o caewcNieF Nelson [esC?nq SE 12 (17-8)-3 twin cittir ?orpmaration ? 1 ' ' ' , , ' ? , ? ? ? ? ? ' ? ' , LOG OF TEST BORING Joa No. 4220 87-673 VERTICAL SCALE 1 = 3 BORING NO. 2 PROJECT ' PROPOSED CONVENIENCE SHOPPING CENTER -,EAGAN MINNE T DEPTH DESCRIPTIpN OF MATERIAL SAMPLE LABORATORVTESTS IN FEET Sl1RFACE ELEVATION 862.4 ' GEOLOGIC ORIGIN N WL NO. TYPE W 0 L.L. P.L. Ou SILTY CLAY, dark grayish brown TOPSOIL to dark brown, medium to soft 5 1 SB (CL-ML) 2 56 3 SILT, brown, moist, very loose FINE 4 3 SB 4 ML ALLUUIUM LEAN CLAY, brown, medium, a few lenses of silt (CL) 52 4 SB 7 SAND W/SILT, fine grained, brown, COARSE 5 SB moist, loose to medium dense, a ALLUVIUM few lenses of silty sand (SP-SM) 6 SB 8 12 CLAYEY SAND W/A LITTLE GRAUEL, TILL 7 SB brown mottled, stiff to very stiff (SC) 16 8 SB 20 9 SB 27 10 SB 48 11 56 21 End of Boring WATENLEVELMEASUREMENTS STAR7 5-7-87 COMPLETE 5-7-8 DATE TIME SDEPTND DEGTH DEPTH BAILEDDEPTHS ,LEVEI METHOO HSA 0' - 192' ? 9:20 to 5-7 9:20 21' 19?' 21' +o Non 1 5-7 9:25 21 None 114 to ,o cREwcHIEF Nelson ?.r ? wr?ww SE42 07-Bp3 LWO " 11?1114-T ?-- .y GGTOfBb01'1 ? ? ? ? ' ? , ' ? ? , ' ' r ? ? ' ? , - `-?-_ - ? - COACHMAN Ri __?- - ? r I I N b ? I ? 0 a I 0 I - O ? Z ? a } 1 I 1E TO THE REDUCTION OF 7'FE ORIGNAL SKETCH iE SCALE IS APPROXMATELY 1"-BO'. JOB NQ. 4220 87-673 ' ' ' ? ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' 1 ' ' ? ' ' , ' GENERAL NOTES DRILLING AND SAMPLING SYMBOLS TEST SYMBOLS SYMBOL DFFINITION SYMBOL DEFINITION HSA 3 1/4" I.D Hollow Stem Auger W Water Content -% of Dry Wt. - ASTM D 2216 _FA 4", 6" or 10" Diameter Fhghl At ger D Dry Densrty • Pounds Per Cubic Foot _ HA 2", 4" or (i' Hand Auger LL, PL ' Liqwd and Plastic Limil - ASTM D 4318 _ DC 2 112", 4°, 5" or 5" Sieel Drive Casing Additional InsertionF in LdSf COlUfI'1n _RC Sizr A, B, or N Rotary Cacing PD Pipe Driil nr Cleanout Tube Qu Unconfined Comp. Strength-psf - ASTM D 2166 CS Continuou> Splif Barrri SamplinR Pq Penetrometer Reading - Tons/Square Foot DM DrillinR Mud Ts Torvane Readmg - Tons/Square Foot IW lettmg Water G Specifi[ Gravity . ASTM D 854 SB 2" O.D. SpLt Barrel Sample SL Shnnkage Limrts - ASTM D 427 _L 2 112" or 3 1!2" O.D 58 Lmer Sample OC Orgamc Conrent - Combustion Method _T 2" or 3" Thin Walled TuAe Sample SP Swell Pressure - Tons/Square fooi 3TP 3" Thin Walled Tube (Pitther Sampler) PS Percent Swell _TO 2" or 3" Thm Walled TuAe IOsterberR Sampled FS Pree $well - Percent W Wash $ample pH Hydrogen lon Content, Meter Method B Bag Sample SC Sulfate Content - PansfMillion, same as mglL P Test Pit Sample CC Chlonde Content - Parts/Million, same as mglL _ Q BQ, NQ, or PQ Wveline System C. One Dimensional Consolidation - ASTM D 2435 _X AX, RX, or NX Double Tube Barrel Q1' Triaxial Compression CR Core Recnvery - Percent D.S.' Direci Shear - ASTM D 3080 NSR No Sample Remvered, dassdication based on action of K' Cceffioent of Permeability •[m/se[ dnlhng eqwpment and/or matenal noted m drillmg fiwd D' Dispersion Test or nn samphng bit DH` Double Hydrometer - ASTM D 4221 NMR Nn Measurement Remrded, pnmarily due tn precence MA' Patlide Size Analysis - ASTM D 422 o( drillinR or conng jlwd. R Laboratory Resisliaity, in ohm - cm - ASTM G 57 ? E' ` Pressuremerer Deformation Modulus - TSF Water Cevel Symbol PM Pressuremeter Tesi VS` Field Vane Shear - ASTM D 2573 IR" Infilimmeter Test - ASTM D 3385 RQD Rock Quality Designation - Percent • See attached data sheet or graph WATER LEVEL Warer levels shown on the bonng logs are the levels measured in the bori ngs at the hme a nd under the conditions indicared. in sand, the ind¢ared ievels may be considered rebable ground wacer levels. In day soil, it ma y not be possible ro derermine the ground water level withm the normal nme reqwred for cest bonngs, except where lenses or layers of more pervious waterbeanng sod are present. Even then, an extended penod o£ time may be necessaryto reach equili6num. Therefore, the position of the water level sym6ol for cohesrve or mixed texture soits may not indicate the true level of the ground water table. Perched water refers to water above an impe rvious layer, thus impeded in reaching the water table. The avadable water level information is given at the bottom of the log sheet. DESCRIPTIVE TERMINOLOGY DENSITY CONSISTENCY lammation Up to 1!2" th¢k stratum TERM "N" VAWE TERM Layer 7/2" to 6" thick svatum Very Loose 0.4 Soh Lens 1!2" to 6" discontinous stratum, pockel Loose 5-8 Medium Varved Alremating laminations of day, silt and !or fine Medium Dense 9.15 Rather StiH grained sand, or colors thereof ? Dense 16-30 Suff Dry Powdery, no nohceable water Very Dense Over 30 Very Stiff Moist Below saturation Standard "N" Penetration: Blows Per Foot of a 140 Pound Hammer Wet Saturated, a6ove liqwd limit falling 30 mches on a 2 inch OD Sple Waterbeari ng Pervious soil below water Barrel Sampler REL4TIVE GRAVEL PROPORTIONS RELATIVE SIZES CONDITION TERM RANGE Boulder Over 72" Coarse Grained Sods A Irttle gravel 2- 14% Cob61e 3" - 12" With gravel 75 - 44% Gravel Coarse 314 " - 3" Fine Grained Soils Fne 44 - 3!4" 15Q9% + No. 200 A httle gravel 2- 7% Sand 15-29% + No. 200 Wrth gravel 8- 29% Coarse k4 • X10 30% + No. 200 A little gravei 2- 14% Medwm p10 - 1t40 30% + No. 200 Wrth gravel 15 - 24% iine it40 -#200 30% + No. 200 Gravelly 16 - 49% Silt & Clay -8200, Based on Plasticity SE-6 (84C) ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ? ' ' ' ' , , ' ' ' ? CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES ASTM Designation: D 2487 - 83 SOIL ENGINEERING (Based on Unified Soil ClassiTication System) sai ciesefficatlon Gilerle lor Aeeipnirp OrouP SYmDdt and 6rouP Nures UMny Laboratory Teete^ 6roup ° GrouD Nama SymbW Coarse-CraineE Soda Graveb Cban aravels Cu24 and 11CC13E GW Well graded qravelF More then 5094 re[ained on More Man 50% coarte Leae tlien 5% finea° No. 200 sieve hacUOn retained on Cu < 4 anElw 1> Ce > 3E aP Poorty gradeC greval° No. 4 sbve Grevek with Frree . Finea cWsity m ML a MH 6M Sllry grevelF,o," Mora inan 12% finas° Finea clasaNy as CL or qi GC Clayey gravei°,o.H Sande Cban Sarkda Cu> 8 and 1 SCeS3" SW Wall-gra0ed sand' 504b or more of ooa'ee Leae then 5% finee° fracGOn paeees No. Cu < 8 andlor 1> Co > 3E SP PooAy gratletl cerM' ? ebw SenM wilh Firres Flnea cWeiy as ML u MH SM Sttty aanC°•"•' More tAen 12% finee° Finan dassNy o CL tt CN SC Ciayey sand°•"' Rne-Gramad Soda Sflb and Clays inorgank PI >7 and pbis on or eDOVe CL L99n W9yK4M 509b w more pasees tne L'puid Nmlt bes than 50 "A" Ilnly' No. 200 aieve , PI < I a piote bsbw ••A•• AAL Si11KLr lirwl 0lQBI11C LIGIIIE Illiln • OWli CI19C (0 '? OL Ofq911IC CI9?M,N LpuW Iimfl - rrot tlrlsd Orpank aiftK4V.0 Sika and Cleys kwwic PI pbts on or abora "A" fine CN Fet clayKLM l'puid hmit 50 a more PI plon Eelow "A" lins MH EI88IIC 6ilIK4w 0198f11C UQUId lIf11R • OV811 dflBd <0 75 OH O108lIK GByKLY'P . LpuW hmit - not drieA ?u,o OtganiC Sd[K HigNy orgenic eada Primeriy wqank mattar, dark In aaor, entl organie oeor PT Peet Fibnc Peat >'67$ Pibers Hemic Peal 33%-67% Fbers Sapric Peat < 33% Fibers A BeasE on Mt nutrriN Wµnq IM Sln. p5mm) uwe. (D ' f Btl Mltl xm7b eonlein'E aoObN? or bouldm, w baM, aCE .. " » Cu . Dw A10 Ct . ???Y?? wnn coEWS w Douken, a boNi ro 0=D Nm+ CGrewb MM 5 tp 12%hnp MquiN Ouel symbah: FX Wil canWne215%rnE. dp'YAM suW" tp Oroup GW-GM wNFqqdep pnvN wltti sItt MM. OWGC rnl4qraCaL provN wM CaY aM flna NWTy u d.#IL, we Ewl rymbd OGOM. a GP13M powrlr qrWStl pnwl wM sitt gC.gy. GPGC poorh' 9ratlsE Orml wHh cIM' "l! Wnw m orpMk, tld'WIN apenk finss" lo ¢ouP DSeMe Nft 610 13% finss rW Wn tlwl symEdr Mms. SWSM wNFpreEeO senE wiM sitl 'If soil CanWm 2.75%pmN. etlE'WM Yrsvel" b Yrou7 SW-SC wWlqratled eerM niU daY nams SP-SM 7ODrtY 0/sESO wnJ wiN silt SP-SC GooM 9rbstl uM MM tley SIEVE 4HfLYS15 ' w I SC11[Fx-IN I SI[Vf A. i 100 ? s1a i¢ q .o zo .a w i.a ? H i x ¢ w x v zo p y? i W O 4C z 2 d' a co D?. 7 isnn a .o r y a w t x u W W 60 Z ? C? Oy. f S?m ? N IC W ° zo ea a G ?o 1. 1 1o 0 5 010 PpRTICLE SIZE IN MIILIMETERS c,'k'0'zm t?_-?' ". 's. 10 , 4 ?0 10 1620 A 40 SO w 70 80 ?7 610UID LIMITIIL) r .7 CLL?1 GILV CeSG?flG 90 100 IIO SE-1 (Ba.C) ? mroQm? ''M MM6?ry Ilmb pbt in MICIUO YM. ?wl ua C4ML, siKy cl.y. Ktl ?oil mnMiM 15 q 2B9h Mm Na. 200. WO ••wllh senE.p a"wM pnwl; ' wlueMwr b petlominant. iM Odl EOnWN23046 DIW lq.200. W?nIIIMMY WiC, a00 ••Wqy• lo b youV Mm?. '?X ?eB CanWn{230%PW No.270. OreOd?unentlY qnql. Wd ••ymvNy• m yrwp Nme. MPIL4 antl PM an a eEOM ••A•• YM OPIC1 of pbls bebw'•A•' Ilro. Pfl pob m wAEaw ••A•• im. 9R pbb bsWw ??A?• ?e. for clasvficotion of fun-prome0 toils a?n i ixqnme ra iono taar' ? ? so s EWationo} A-IiM d Xeritental at VS-4 to LL-25.5, y?e then PI-0.731LL-201 p p EQuation af 'U'-lin' oor verticalatLL=16taPI•T ? ? TAmPI-09(L1-8) ? / G MH a R ^ OH - i ML?OL